Medical Microbiology is a dynamic science which deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. The causative agents of infectious diseases are bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses. Over crowded settlements, malnutrition, poor hygienic practices contributes to high incidence of infectious diseases especially in developing countries

Blood Chemistry testing involves measuring several blood chemicals to establish a pattern of abnormalities. A wide range of tests may be grouped under the headings of enzymes, electrolytes, blood sugars, lipids, hormones,proteins,vitamins,minerals and drug investigations. Selected tests serve as screening devices to identify target organ damage. Prompt and accurate testing facilities can lead to early diagnosis when symptoms are vague or absent.

Hematology is the study of the morphology and physiology of blood. The hematology laboratory set in a healthcare setting is concerned with the diagnosis and monitoring of diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs. Biomedical scientists working in a hematology laboratory perform an array of blood tests that investigate the cellular elements blood and a number of proteins including hemoglobin and clotting factors. Hematological tests are performed on blood samples to diagnose diseases such as leukemia, anemia and abnormalities of blood coagulation.

Tests covered under this section includes urine examination which is most common. Other body fluids may be required depending on patient’s health status. E.g. semen analysis

Serology is the scientific study of blood serum. In practice, the term usually refers to the diagnostic identification of antibodies in the serum

Electrocardiography is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient’s body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat